We work, we share, we smile.

We concentrate.

We cheer.

We carve.

Give ESL students questions before reading so they know what to look for.

Whenever possible, provide students with vocabulary in advance

Allow extra time on tests.

Have students highlight words on a test they do not know so you can stop and explain as you go around the room.

Ask students to restate directions, definitions or assignments.

Give students time to reflect and form questions.

Encourage students to use bilingual dictionaries if available.

Include him/her in as many activities, lessons, and assignments as possible.

Allow students to do more difficult assignments in their native language rather than skipping them.

Encourage participation initially by asking simple yes/no questions or those easy to respond to.

Build background information by making connections and associations.

Test skills rather than language.

Ask students to paraphrase your statements as a comprehension check.

Provide graphic organizers, charts, webs, labels, etc.