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The time spent in the regular non-ESL classroom is critical in order to reach the goal of mainstreaming the ESL student into the regular academic program. It is possible for the classroom teacher to productively work with ESL students in the classroom in order to maximize their exposure to authentic language during the school day. Speak in short, complete sentences in a normal tone of voice. Whenever possible show students what you mean (pictures, objects, gestures). Repeat and rephrase frequently. Establish routines and expectations early. Avoid using slang or idioms. Give commands/requests in simple English (not too many, "Would you mind...?") Use fewer pronouns and/or make sure referents are clear. If another student gives an answer, make sure the ESL student has focused on that answer. If it is worth hearing repeat it, or have it repeated. Do not just give assignments orally; put them on the chalkboard or distribute them in writing. Whenever possible, provide examples of what you expect students to do. Present a positive approach to your class when dealing with ESL students. Rather than address ESL students in a class directly as "the ESL students," it is best to address them individually to avoid reinforcing the attitude of "in" and "out" groups. Communicate warmth to the student. Assign responsibilities such as passing out papers, or serving as line leaders. Assign a "buddy" or two - the same language for academics and an English speaker for socializing. Pair them with someone whose behavior is one you wish modeled. Find people in the school or community who speak the student's language and can aid communication. Focus on what the student is trying to communicate rather than mistakes. Keep talking to the student. They may be going through a "silent period" but are still learning. Be aware that culture and frustration affect classroom behavior. Let students do it (allow students to explain things to other students). Maintain high expectations of ESL students (keep in mind that they are generally not a remedial population). Use humor. Laughter can bridge innumerable cultural gaps! |
